![]() Much like the slit, there is a trade-off between resolution, range, and signal strength.ĭiffraction gratings can be described by the equation: The design of the grating determines to what degree the light is spread out. Each has their own advantages and disadvantages when compared to one another, and there is no one superior design. There are a number of different types of gratings including transmissive, reflective, ruled, and holographic. ![]() The optical diffraction grating is the component that splits the light into its constituent wavelength components. Larger optical spectrometers may have a controllable slit width, while more compact devices like the Ossila Optical Spectrometer (which has an entrance slit width of 25 μm) usually have a fixed width. ![]() Conversely, a narrow entrance slit can increase the spectral resolution, but at the cost of signal intensity. A wide entrance slit allows a lot of light to enter the spectrometer, which allows fainter sources to be measured but reduces the spectral resolution of the system. These two characteristics must be balanced against each other as one will always come at the expense of the other. Similarly to how the aperture size of a camera affects the brightness and resolution of its photos, the width of the spectrometer entrance slit determines both its ability to measure in low-light conditions and the maximum spectral resolution that you can achieve. Light enters the optical spectrometer via the entrance slit. Optical spectrometer components: entrance slit (1), diffraction grating or prism (2), a detector (3), routing optics (4), higher order filters (5) Entrance Slit Careful choice of components and configuration can avoid aberrations, which result in distorted or blurred spectra.īuy Online £2,200.00 Order Now Spectrometer Components These include the Littrow configuration, the Ebert-Fastie configuration, the Czerny-Turner configuration, and the concave aberration-corrected holographic grating configuration. Spectrometers can be designed and built using a number of different optical configurations. Most optical spectrometers operate over the UV, visible, and infrared (or near-infrared) regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. If the spectrometer has a large spectral range, it may also have filters to stop higher order light from reaching the sensor. The grating or prism splits the light into its constituent wavelength components, and the detector records the light intensity as a function of wavelength. The entrance slit allows light into the spectrometer, where a system of mirrors or lenses routes it first onto a diffraction grating or prism, and then onto the detector. This basic principle has a wide range of applications and uses.īroadly speaking, all optical spectrometers consist of an entrance slit, a diffraction grating or prism, a detector, and routing optics. ![]() They take light, separate it by wavelength and create a spectra which shows the relative intensity of these separate wavelengths. Optical spectrometers are the most common type of spectrometer. How Does a Spectrometer Work? Principles & OpticsĪ spectrometer consists of (1) an entrance slit, (2) a diffraction grating or prism, (3) a detector, (4) routing optics, and (5) higher order filters. ![]()
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